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ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit
ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit (ClpP) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CLPP'' gene.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8192 )〕 This protein is an essential component to form the protein complex of Clp protease (Endopeptidase Clp).
==Protein Structure, Complex Assembly and Heterogeneity==
Enzyme ClpP is a highly conserved serine protease present throughout bacterial and also found in the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells. The ClpP monomer is folded into three subdomains: the "handle", the globular "head", and the N-terminal region. By itself, ClpP can assemble into a tetradecamer complex (14-members) and form a closed proteolytic chamber. A fully assembled Clp protease complex has a barrel-shaped structure in which two stacked ring of proteolytic subunits (ClpP or ClpQ) are either sandwiched between two rings or single-caped by one ring of ATPase-active chaperon subunits (ClpA, ClpC, ClpE, ClpX or ClpY). ClpXP is presented in almost all bacteria while ClpA is found in the Gram-negative bacteria, ClpC in Gram-Positive bacteria and cyanobacteria. ClpAP, ClpXP and ClpYQ coexist in E. Coli while only ClpXP complex in present in humans.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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